America’s vindictive import duties are to spare only the English, who have always been favourable to making made in the USA hormone-treated beef available for sale. The prohibitively high import duties target food products from 26 member states. The United States is essentially closing their market for Roquefort cheese: it is the only product on the list for which duties have been increased by 300 percent. This sanction was imposed on 15 January 2009, as a retort to the EU’s ban on American beef raised with growth hormones, which has been enforced since 1988.